1796
Napoleon defeats Austrians in Italy, and establishes Lombard Republic.
1798-9
Napoleon lands in Egypt (to hit Britain indirectly) and defeats the Mamelukes. A British naval victory at Aboukir cuts off his army from France. He returns to Paris, over-throws the directory and becomes Consul.
1799-1802
War of the coalition (Britain, Austria, Russia) against France, fought in Austria, Switzerland, Italy, the Mediterranean, and the Baltic.
After Austria and Russia conclude peace, England becomes isolated.
1804
Napoleon crowned Emperor in the presence of Pope Pius VII in Paris
1805
Resumption of warfare against the coalition joined by Sweden and Naples. Napoleon defeats an Austrian army at Ulm and enters Vienna.
Oct 20, 1805
British Admiral Nelson wins the naval battle of Trafalgar, which secures British supremacy at sea.
Napoleon abandons plans for an invasion of England.
1812
Russia discontinues embargo on England. Napoleon invades Russia.
Russian Campaign by the Grand Army ends in a catastrophic retreat from Moscow, and with the loss of 500,000 men. Napoleon's defeat in Russia revives the national resistance of European peoples. Liberation of Madrid. Liberation of Germany, Holland and Upper Italy.
1813
Prussia and Austria declare war and defeat Napoleon in the battle of Nations at Leipzig.
1815
Napoleon returns for 100 days but is again beaten in the battle of Waterloo by the combined armies of England and Prussia. Napoleon surrenders to the English and is exiled to St. Helena.
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